Preparation methods, properties of carbon quantum dots, and their advanced applications
Keywords:
Carbon Quantum Dots, Synthesis Methods, Optical Properties, Drug Delivery, Environmental ApplicationsAbstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as a versatile class of nanomaterials due to their unique optical, chemical, and biological properties. This essay explores the synthesis methods of CQDs, categorized into top-down and bottom-up approaches, including techniques such as laser ablation, electrochemical synthesis, hydrothermal, and microwave irradiation methods. The optical properties, including absorbance, photoluminescence, and fluorescence, are discussed alongside their chemical inertness and adsorption capabilities. Advanced characterization techniques, such as mass spectrometry, spectroscopy, microscopy, and diffraction, are reviewed for their role in understanding CQD structure and functionality. The essay further delves into CQD applications in environmental monitoring, bioimaging, optoelectronics, and cancer treatment, with a focus on photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and drug delivery. By highlighting their biocompatibility and tunable properties, this work underscores the transformative potential of CQDs in addressing critical challenges in healthcare and environmental sustainability.
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